Retirement Savings
One of the top goals for most people is saving for retirement. With their tax advantages1 and easy eligibility, IRAs can be a powerful tool in saving for retirement. IRA funds compound and grow faster as the interest earned is not taxed each year.
Easy Eligibility
Anyone with earned income can open a Traditional IRA, and possibly a non-working spouse if a joint tax return is filed. There are income and tax filing eligibility requirements to open a Roth IRA.
Easy to Open
Most banks and brokerage firms offer IRAs along with several investment choices.
Tax Deferred or Tax-Free Earnings
Interest earned on a Traditional IRA is not taxed until you withdraw it. For most people, withdrawals start after retirement when they're typically in a lower tax bracket. Interest earned on a Roth IRA is tax-free if the accountholder made their first Roth contribution at least five years prior to the withdrawal and is 59-½ years of age. Consult with a tax advisor for specific information.
Tax Break1
Traditional IRA contributions may be tax deductible dependent on your participation in an employer sponsored retirement plan and your MAGI.
Investment Options
You control how your IRA is invested. You can choose a low risk, high yielding FDIC bank certificate of deposit, or invest in stocks, bonds or mutual funds via a brokerage firm. You can move your IRA funds from one investment vehicle to another, or from one IRA Custodian to another via an IRA Trustee Transfer.
No or Low Fees
Many IRAs don’t charge set up, monthly or annual fees, and if they do, the fee is typically much lower than a 401(k)-advisor fee.
Low Minimum Opening Balance Requirements
Many IRAs have low opening balance requirements. Some as low as $100 to $1,000 depending on the investment vehicle.
Early Withdrawal Tax Penalty Exceptions
There are exceptions that allow you to make a withdrawal from your IRA plan prior to age 59-1/2 without incurring an early withdrawal tax penalty. One of the exceptions is for qualified first-time home buyers who are allowed to withdraw up to $10,000 penalty-free. Please see the IRS site for additional exceptions to tax on early distributions. If you have your IRA funds in a CD, the early withdrawal penalty for removing funds during the CD term may still apply.
Traditional
Anyone who has earned income is eligible to contribute to a Traditional IRA. However, the deductibility of the IRA is dependent on the accountholder’s participation in a qualified company retirement plan, their tax filing status1, and their Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI). There are no age or income limits; as long as you have earned income, you can keep contributing to a Traditional IRA. A spouse with no income may be able to open and contribute to an IRA as long as one spouse has earned income, the married couple file a joint tax return, and the combined contributions of both spouses don’t exceed the taxable compensation reported on the joint tax return.
Roth
There are two factors that determine whether you are eligible to contribute to a Roth IRA: your Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI) and your tax filing status. If these totals are exceeded, you are not eligible to contribute to a Roth. There are no age limits; as long as you have earned income, you can keep contributing to a Roth IRA. A spouse with no income may be able to open and contribute to an IRA as long as one spouse has earned income, the married couple file a joint tax return, and the combined contributions of both spouses don't exceed the taxable compensation reported on the joint tax return.
Roth MAGI Limits for 2024 :
SEP
Any size business, including self-employed individuals, can establish a SEP IRA easily by adopting FORM 5305-SEP, a SEP prototype, or an individually designed plan document. SEP IRAs are funded by employer contributions for the business owner and eligible employees. The employer must contribute equally for all eligible employees.
Regular Annual Contributions
Contribution limits apply. Please see the IRS site for current year contribution limits.
Rollover
Funds from existing IRA accounts, or an employer-sponsored plan such as a 401(k), 403(b) or 457(b) plan where the funds have been paid to you, the IRA customer, and you currently have possession of those funds.
Direct Rollover
Funds from an employer-sponsored plan such as a 401(k), 403(b) or 457(b) plan where the funds are held by the Plan Administrator and/or you, the IRA customer, received a check that is payable to the new IRA Custodian for the Benefit of (FBO) you, the IRA customer.
Custodian/Trustee Transfer
Direct movement of IRA assets by the IRA Custodians. You, the IRA customer, do NOT have possession of the IRA funds. The funds transfer is done between IRA Custodians/Trustees. Or you received a check that is payable to the new IRA Custodian for the Benefit of (FBO) you, the IRA customer.
Traditional and Roth :
For 2024, the total contributions you make to all of yourTraditional IRAsandRoth IRAscan't be more than:
The IRA contribution limit does not apply to:
SEP :
Contributions an employer can make to an employee's SEP-IRA cannot exceed the lesser of:
Note:
Elective salary deferrals and catch-up contributions are not permitted in SEP plans. Please see the SEP IRS site for more information.
Traditional
You can make contributions for the prior year up to the tax filing date (excluding extensions), typically, April 15th.
Roth
You can make contributions for the prior year up to the tax filing date (excluding extensions), typically, April 15th.
SEP
You can set up an SEP plan and contribute for a year as late as the due date (including extensions) of your business income tax return for the year you want to establish the plan.
| IRA to IRA | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Source of Assets | Funds Paid to IRA Owner | Contribution Deposited Into | Contribution Reported As |
| Trustee Transfer | Traditional IRA | No | Traditional IRA | Not Reported |
| Roth IRA | No | Roth IRA | Not Reported | |
| IRA Rollover | Traditional IRA | Yes | Traditional IRA | Rollover |
| Roth IRA | Yes | Roth IRA | Rollover | |
| Employer-Sponsored Retirement Plan (ESP) to IRA | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Source of Assets | Funds Paid to IRA Owner | Contribution Deposited Into | Contribution Reported As |
| Direct Rollover | Employer-Sponsored Plan (ESP) | No | Traditional IRA | Rollover |
| Designated Roth Account in an ESP | No | Roth IRA | Rollover | |
| Indirect Rollover | Employer-Sponsored Plan (ESP) | Yes | Traditional IRA | Rollover |
| Roth IRA | Yes | Roth IRA | Rollover | |
Traditional
IRS penalty incurred for withdrawals prior to age 59-1/2.Required Minimum Distributions (RMD), the minimum amount of money that must be withdrawn annually per the IRS, start at age 73. Distributions are taxed when withdrawn (if the contribution was not deductible, only the interest earned is taxed when withdrawn). CD early withdrawal penalty also applies if funds are withdrawn prior to the CD maturity date. No CD penalty charged for RMDs.
Roth
IRS penalty incurred for withdrawals of earnings prior to age 59-1/2.No required minimum distributions. Interest earnings will be distributed tax free if the accountholder made their first Roth contribution at least five years prior to the withdrawal and is at least 59-1/2 years of age. CD early withdrawal penalty also applies if funds are withdrawn prior to the CD maturity date.
SEP
IRS penalty incurred for withdrawals prior to age 59-1/2.Required Minimum Distributions (RMD), the minimum amount of money that must be withdrawn annually per the IRS, start at age 73. Distributions are taxed when withdrawn. CD early withdrawal penalty also applies if funds are withdrawn prior to the CD maturity date. No CD penalty charged for RMDs.
A beneficiary can be a U.S. person, charity or non-profit organization, a trust, or your estate. The individual can be a minor under 18 years old.
An IRA accountholder can name both Primary and Contingent beneficiaries. If the IRA accountholder is deceased, funds will be paid to the primary beneficiaries. If the primary beneficiaries precede the IRA accountholder in death, the funds will be paid to the contingent beneficiaries. If more than one primary beneficiary or one contingent beneficiary is designated and no percentages are indicated, the beneficiaries will be deemed to own equal share percentages of the IRA.
If you are married and reside in a community property state, you must designate your spouse as your sole primary beneficiary. If you choose to designate a primary beneficiary other than or in addition to your spouse, your spouse must sign a waiver consent.